Management Consultant Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management Consultant Industry - Essay Example There has been a lot of criticism of consultants, consulting companies as well as consulting as a profession. This also spurred a large number of jokes and sarcastic comments being made on consultants, one of them being ‘All that management consultants do is to borrow their clients' watches and tell them the time, then send in a huge bill’. Many articles have also been penned on various unethical practices being carried out by consultants especially in big consulting firms (Kitay & Wright 2004, Pinault 2000). While some amount of criticism is valid and makes sense, a large part is also exaggerated. This essay aims to critically analyze both sides of the picture before arriving at the do’s and don’ts for a successful marriage between business and consulting. Criticism against Consultants (Stage 3- Root Definition) Consulting by nature is a service industry and hence its deliverables are highly intangible and subjective (Lemann 1999). Therefore, different bus iness organizations have different evaluation of work done by consultants for them. Consultants generally charge a very high fee. Many times, their recommendations actually lead to worsening of conditions. Moreover, consultants have the inclination to implement or suggest certain standard solutions which have developed in their own organizations or are generally used best practices in the industry. Hence, they don’t make it a point to customize the solution for a particular organization or come up with a new solution. (Pringle 1998). Consultants are often seen focusing on latest management fads in the market or using fashionable business jargon to impress the clients but which may have no implications on the output (Clark & Salaman 1998, Pinault 2000). A large number of consulting projects have simply failed to deliver the results while many others lost touch with reality mid-way and had to be scrapped (Klenter & Mollgard 2006, Seidl & Mohe 2007). In many cases, implementatio n of the consultants’ advice has produced disastrous circumstances for an organization (Byrne 2002). Ferdinand Piech, former CEO of Volkswagen, even went to the extent of saying that â€Å"If you want to ruin a company, you only have to try fixing it with the help of external consultants† (Seidl & Mohe 2007). Analysis of Client- Consultant interaction through CATWOE approach Let us understand the client consultant relationship through CATWOE approach proposed by Checkland (Williams 2005). a. Customers: The customers here would be the end consumers the client caters to. For example, for a steel manufacturer people buying utensils may be the customer. The impact of the client consultant relationship on the customers may occur in the medium to long term. b. Actors: Actors would be the consultants or consulting firm who enable the transformation. The role of consultants is the most significant for the success of this relationship. Now days, consultants work in teams which comprise members of the client side as well. Therefore, in such cases certain client side employees are also actors. c. Transformation: The transformation is the conversion from an unsolved problem to a well laid out solution. The solution may be a suggestion, recommendation, documentation, model or an end to end implementation depending upon the nature and scope of work. d. Weltanschauung: The compensation of the consu

International Organizations and World Order Essay Example for Free

International Organizations and World Order Essay After First World War, there was call for formation of international organization to bring order in the world. The notion led to the formation of the League of Nations due to the conviction of the then president of the United States of America, President Woodrow Wilson who was certain that the move would prevent future conflict if only nations would come together to defend the principles of self-determination and independence. The progress of the League of Nations was thwarted when the United States refused to join it. It was also thwarted by the extremist political ideologies and power rivalry that existed at that time in history, which was 1930s. Due to the outbreak of Second World War that ended in 1945, there was more concern that led to the formation of another international organization in the name of United Nations. The Bretton woods conference, which is the reason for the existence International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank as well as the Dumbarton Oaks Conference came to existence in 1944. The foundation do the United Nation was laid by the allies of the organization (Owen, 1996). According to Owen (1996, p. 9) most of the international organizations were formed with an intention of reconstructing Europe, which was seriously devastated after the war against Nazi Germany. Most of the International organizations that were formed after World War II became more active in the 1960 where their activities were expanded to meet the new challenges because of European colonization, which included independent but politically immature and poor nations in Latin America, African and Asia. Most of the international organizations were started in the 19the century. Owen (1996, p. 10) states that â€Å"More recently, with the uncertainties and instabilities which have followed the ending of the Cold War, international organizations have stepped in to cope with the effects of the resulting conflicts and tensions, many of them within states rather than between states n the process, many UN bodies have been found wanting. The office f the United Nations Disaster Relief Coordinator (UNDRO), for example was founded in 1971. † Some of the international organizations include regional Arab Maghreb Union (AMU), which was formed in 1989 with an objective of establishing common military, cultural and economic policies to ensure free movement of goods, services and people between member states. The Member nations of Arab Maghreb Union include Morocco, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia and Mauritania (Schafer, Verbist, Imhoos, 2005). Another International Organization is Asia Pacific Economic co-operation Forum (APEC) was formed in 1989 to promote linearization of economy in the Pacific region. Association of South East Asian nations (ASEAN) was formed in 1967 to replace ASA (Association of South East Asia). The member nations of ASEA include Australia, United States of America, Japan and New Zealand. The main objective of the organization is to promote common economic, political and trading policies. There is also another international organization in the name of Caribbean Community (CARICOM), which was formed in 1965 to ensure economic cooperation in Caribbean common market, to put in place common policies in education, health, culture, industrial relation and communication and to coordinate foreign policy among the member nations. The affiliations of the CARICOM according to Owen include â€Å"Caribbean Development Bank; Caribbean Examinations Council; Caribbean Meteorological Organization; Council of Legal Education; University of Guyana; University of the West Indies; West Indies Shipping Corporation†. The Common wealth is another important international organization that is in forefront trying to address contemporary global issues. Commonwealth was formed in 1884 and it grew out of the British Empire. The objectives of the Commonwealth are to enable nations from different parts of the world to exchange opinions in an informal, friendly and intimate atmosphere. Commonwealth has member nations, which according to Owen (1996, p. 11) include â€Å"Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Cyprus, and Dominica. Others are: Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, Nauru, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, St Kitts-Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, the United Kingdom, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia, Zimbabwe. † There are several other International organizations such as Commonwealth of Independent States, Council of Europe, European free trade association (EFTA), European union (EU), gulf co-operation council (GCC), Mercosur (Mercado Commun del Sur-southern common market), African union (AU), Organization of American States (OAS), Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), South Pacific Forum, Southern African Development Community (SADC) among others. According to Mendlovitz (1966, p5) â€Å"Law has too often been conceived in static terms as a system of order designed to uphold the status quo. In any legal system, whether national, regional, or global in scope, law also has a dynamic aspect which allows it to make a contribution to projects for social change. † Saul Mendlovitz further states that â€Å"international law to the postulated goal of a warless world with an excerpt from an article that considers how law might help us move from where we are to where we would like to be; it is this gap that creates what we have called the transition problem. In this new age, there has emerged a vas and ancient worldwide conspiracy called the New World Order, which aims to unite the entire world under one government. The New World Order concept was introduced into the dictionary of the international politics after the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe (Slaughter, 2004). The former president of the United States of America George Bush was the first who strongly invoke the idea in response to the Gulf crisis. Therefore, the concept traced to 1991, when Iraq invaded Kuwait and when the cold war ended. According to Ismael (1994), he states that â€Å"Thus, the end of the cold war and Iraqs invasion of Kuwait in August 1991 constitute the historical reference points for the concept. This suggests at least two dimensions in its meaning: the end of an international order determined by the struggle for hegemony between the United States and the Soviet Union; and the initiation of a U. S. foreign policy doctrine based on U. S. hegemony in the international order. † When president George Bush was waging a war of words with the then the president of Iraq Saddam Hussein in 1990 he demonized him and referred to his effort as an attempt to establish a new world order (Wells, 2008). Many were excited by the effort of Bush at first because they thought the president of the United States was promoting democracy in the region as he had done in the Eastern Europe. Unfortunately that was not to be realized as Ishmael (1994) says, Bush was determined in establishing hegemony. The region after the gulf war in Iraq and Kuwait has remained unstable politically. According to Lloyd (2002, p. 1) New world Order was a fragile creation that emerged after September 11 attack. Lloyd states, â€Å"Before 11 September, the new (left) world order was a tentative, even fragile, creation. It emerged from new Labor in 1997 as an ethical dimension in foreign policy, announced by the then foreign secretary, Robin Cook, as a natural extension of the globes interdependence. The world had become a moral forum through the media and the work of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). † The world was at peace before the attack on the United States to the extent that most world leaders praised the state in which the world was. Some of the people who were at the forefront of the new idea of new world order are Robert cooper and Anthony Giddens, a senior diplomat and a director of the London school of Economics respectively. Giddens was for the idea that globalization could then take place because there was a state of peace that was a recipe to one global governance. The globalization, he argued would transfer power from the nations into the global space leading to the call for the need of regulation to guide the governance. Copper on the other hand argued that new world order will lead to a shift in value where there will be a victory of values of individual of those of state and those of market over the military ones and foreign policy will no longer to be about war (Lloyd, 2002, p. 1). International court creation came in to being after two attempts to organize an international court had failed (Mower, 1931, p. 616). Before there was, a court called The Hague Permanent Court of International Arbitration, which could not provide the much-needed justice in the international level as the current International Criminal Court. Other international courts deal with different legal issues. For instance, there are courts that deal with human rights at the international level, which include African Court of Justice (ACJ), African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR), European Court of Human Rights and International-American Court of Human rights. Others include International Court of Justice (ICJ), International Criminal Court (ICC), and Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA), Resource materials on International Courts and Special International Criminal Courts and Tribunals. According to Class Action Publisher (2008), there are seven special international criminal courts and tribunal, which include Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), International Criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). Others are â€Å"Regulation 64† Panels in the Courts of Kosovo, special Courts for Sierra Leone, Special panels of the District Court of Dili (East Timor) and War Crimes Chambers (WCC) in Sarajevo- within the state court. All these international courts have well designed objective and operation guidelines. International criminal Court established in 1998 by Rome statute and it is the first permanent court to hear international criminal claim. The court has a role to hear cases that are regarded as most serious such as crime against humanity, war crimes and genocide (Janis, 1992). It does not deal with cases that occurred prior it its institution but only to those crimes that have been committed after July 1, 2002. ICC does not deal with cases that have been committed by legal entities but natural persons. It can act on cases when the cases have been referred to it by the United Nations’ Security Council or with consent of the affected state. The International Criminal Court takes up a case or jurisdiction only as the last resort when all the national avenues have been completely exhausted (Buhler Webster, 2005). The nations have been endowed with the responsibility of international crimes but when a state is unwilling to pursue justice, delays in pursuing justice or it shows impartiality of dealing with international crimes then the ICC takes up the matter. This may also result from unavailability of proper judicial system or if the state is unable to carry out the proceeding. Over one hundred nations worldwide subscribe to the Rome statute that established the ICC exclusive of the United States of America. United States revoked the signature of the former president Bill Clinton that was due to lack of checks and balance of the ICC. The ICC gives considerable rights to victims which include attending the proceeding of the court have having their concerns considered; being represented by counsel and interrogating witnesses; seeking monetary compensation after conviction and seeking preservation of defendant assets pending trial. The ICC has four major organs namely judicial divisions, the presidency, office of the prosecutor and the registry, which have different roles that help the court to achieve its objectives (Schafer, Verbist Imhoos, 2005). The international courts have been able to provide effective enforcement of international legal instruments in different countries. Many countries have suffered from the art of war, which have seen many people suffer thereby depriving them of their human rights. Individuals for their own personal and selfish reasons started some of the wars that have caused suffering to citizens of the affected nations. Being well connected to the political order of the day most perpetrators of the crimes that lead to the abuse of human right cannot be properly persecuted in their respective countries. Other reasons that have made it possible for the perpetrators of the crime of high magnitude is the fact that most countries where such crimes are committed lack proper judicial system that is independent, impartial and ineffective. This has led to transfer of many cases to the international courts or to the ICC (Barker, 2004. ) International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda is an existing testimony to the effectiveness of the International Courts. In Rwanda where the conflict started between the Tutsi and the Hutu tribes in 1994, many people belonging to the Tutsi tribe were killed in the Genocide. The total number of the Tutsi that were killed is estimated to be over five hundred thousand people. In response to the crime, the United Nation Security Council created the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in November of 1994 to prosecute crimes genocide and violation of the Geneva Convention. The ICTR is a subsidiary organ under chapter VII of the United Nations Charter of the Security Council under article 29 (Barker, 2004). International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda has completed over fifty trials so far and of the accused persons, 29 have been convicted of crime (Klip Sluiter, 200). About eleven people are on trial, others waiting trial, some are to be transferred to the national jurisdiction trial while others are still unconfined. The first person was tried three years after the formation of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda in 1997 and he was Jean-Paul Akayesu. Jean Kambanda also pleaded guilty after wards. The tribunal has also issued arrest warrant to some suspects that are thought to have played a role or orchestrated the genocide like Kabuga Felicien. International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda issued an international arrest warrant for Felicien in 1999 where he was charged with complicity in genocide, genocide and conspiracy to commit genocide. The action of the international court in Rwandan genocide has achieved a lot in the nation and it has sent a clear message to the whole world. With arrest, trial and judgment of the suspects of the unfortunate occurrence, peace and order has been restored in Kigali because the Tutsi who were the main victim of all sorts of crime committed feel that justice has finally prevailed and cannot think of revenge and other notions that might lead to civil war again. The action has also sent a right signal to anybody in Ruanda and all over the world that any perpetrators of such crime will not escape the long arm of justice. Therefore, in reality International Court has succeeded in pursuing justice and is in the right path of ensuring that there is a peaceful planet where the innocent are vindicated while the guilty are condemned (Klip Sluiter, 200).

Country Club Blues :: Essays Papers

ï » ¿Country Club Blues My first job is definitely the one I remember most, although I did not always enjoy what I did. Many times during the eight months I worked at Fauquier County Country Club I hated my job one day and loved it the next, thus resulting in a very memorable and exciting time of work. Working at a golf course may not have been the most enjoyable job I have had, but it gave me new experiences to interact with people and gain a sense of responsibility. I applied for a job at the Country Club on my 16th birthday not having the slightest idea what I wanted to do for myself. I simply recall having my first interview on the spot. During this interview I was asked questions to the effect of my work ethic, availability, and â€Å"Do you know how to say ‘yes, sir’ and ‘yes, ma’am?’† Apparently I did fairly well, and was given a job as a golf cart care specialist. â€Å"Cart dog† was a rhetorical name given to the pro shop maintenance crew by a highly-disliked boss. As a cart dog I was given the duty of cleaning, storing, and preparing used carts for their next use and picking the driving range clean of golf balls. At times range picking became very annoying considering this was all done on foot with a small bagger rather than a cart-pulled cage. Although it did not take quite as long, cart cleaning was much more annoying of a task. After thorough washing, carts had to be arranged by color for the day they were to be used. Colors used were red, yellow, blue, and green for Tuesday through Friday, respectively. Though these were time-consuming tasks, the cart dogs found other ways to have fun while working. In addition to picking the driving range clean and cleaning dirty golf carts, I was also required to ask to clean the golf clubs of members who had finished playing for the day. This being the only opportunity for tips in my minimum wage job, I took this as a golden opportunity. I earned some extra money and learned to speak in a professional manner to elders. Club members would often leave extra equipment such as tees and both day and glow-in-the-dark balls. Occasionally, I would also find a few beers left in the carts’ coolers.

Plutonium and Internet Start-Up Company Essay

Plutonium and internet start-up company which was founded at the beginning of the technology boom was developing the technological systems necessary to support the rapidly expanding user base. Plutonium purchased an expensive and complex billing system to automate the billing of internet accounts using a credit card to integrate its system. Jonathan, the manager of operations department, was given the phony credit card to help fix corrupted accounts created by the launch and integration. Chris an employee of Plutonium, who very knowledgeable and trusted was given the phony credit card number. Chris was using the credit card to access websites that have pirated software and music. After an FBI investigation, Chris was warned and put into probation. Jonathan was asked to write a warning letter to Chris. Few months later, Jonathan noticed a change in Chris’s behavior. He was making unusual purchases, such as Palm Pilots, MP3 Players. The first element of the fraud triangle is pressure. Every fraud perpetrator faces some kind of perceived pressure. Most pressures involve a financial need, although nonfinancial pressures, such as the need to report financial results better than actual performance, frustration with work, or even a challenge to beat the system, can also motivate fraud. Financial pressures often motivate misappropriation frauds by employees. Common pressures such as living beyond one’s means, greed, high debt, unrecognized performance and inadequate pay could lead employees to fraud. Chris had several perceived pressures to commit fraud. He has a family to support and he earned minimal wages compared to other who has his skills. Chris could have a student loan and other debts he has to pay in addition to taking care of his family. That could have caused him a lot of pressure. The second element of the fraud triangle is perceived opportunity. â€Å"The opportunity to commit and conceal fraud when a company has unclear policies and procedures, fails to teach and stress corporate honesty, and fails to prosecute those who perpetrate fraud. † (Romney 129). The opportunity for fraud is created when employees are given access to records and valuable information. In the case of Chris, he had the opportunity to commit fraud because he has the expertise in technology. He has the phony credit card given to him by his manager and he was able to use that without the knowledge of his manager or co-workers. The third element of fraud triangle is rationalization. Rationalization allows perpetrators to justify their illegal behavior. For example, a fraudster can rationalize by saying, â€Å"I only took what they owed me. Or the rules do not apply to me†. Perpetrators rationalize that they are not being dishonest, that honesty is not required of them, or that they value what they take more than honesty and integrity. â€Å"Some perpetrators rationalize that they are not hurting a real person, but a faceless and nameless computer system or an impersonal company that will not miss the money. † (Romney 130). Christ could have thought that he was underpaid and by using these credit cards he was not hurting anyone. He might have also used the lack of underpayment as justification for the use of the company’s credit cards for personal gain.

Act 3 the Crucible

Act III- Irony During Act III of The Crucible, by Arthur Miller; the central way that Miller depicts the corruption rooted within Salem is through the usage of the literary device, irony. The usage of personal pronouns within this work of literature seems to indicate a sense of power that the citizens have, versus the power found within the unknown. Parris says the following in order to encourage Mary Warren to cast out the devil, â€Å" Cast the devil out! Look him in the face! Trample him! We’ll save you, Mary, only stand fast against him and† (109).The usage of the pronoun ‘We’ll’ gives the reader a sense of authority that is held by the high officials in Salem. Irony is plainly evoked because the entire idea of the trails is to test the limits of the spiritual world within the town of Salem. The usage of personal pronouns reflects the flaws that seem to fuel these trials. The controversial topic of god rooted within these trials is ironic in the sense that doing the right thing could potentially be life threatening. Mary Warren proclaims that she loves god, after announcing her devilish pact, and says, â€Å" No, I love God; I go your way no more.I love God, I bless God. Abby, Abby, I’ll never hurt you more† (110). Salem becomes so deeply rooted in lies that the idea of god becomes clouded for those who try to seek the right thing. The choice between life and death, right and wrong, becomes diluted, making the right decisions punishable. No matter what is confessed, someone will either have to live with making the wrong decision, or die because a right decision was made. The figurative device of irony becomes reoccurring during act three in order to further show the reader the corrupt practices that are happening in Salem.

Chinese Fable Stories With Morals

Chinese Fable Stories With Morals Many Chinese fables tell an entertaining story to illustrate a moral lesson. Here are a few such stories. Stopping Halfway, Never Comes Ones Day In the Warring States Period, in the state of Wei lived a man called Leyangtsi. His wife was very angelic and virtuous, who was loved and respected dearly by the husband. One day, Leyangtsi found a piece of gold on his way home, and he was so delighted that he ran home as fast as he could to tell his wife. Looking at the gold, his wife said calmly and gently, As you know, it is usually said that a true man never drinks the stolen water. How can you take such a piece of gold home which is not yours? Leyangtsi was greatly moved by the words, and he immediately replaced it where it was. The next year, Leyangtsi went to a distant place to study classics with a talented teacher, leaving his wife home alone. One day, his wife was weaving on the loom, when Leyangtsi entered. At his coming, the wife seemed to be worried, and she at once asked the reason why he came back so soon. The husband explained how he missed her. The wife got angry with what the husband did. Advising her husband to have  fortitude and not be too indulged in the love, the wife took up a pair of scissors and cut down what she had woven on the loom, which made Leyangtsi very puzzled. His wife declared, If something is stopped halfway, it is just like the cut cloth on the loom. The cloth will only be useful if finished. But now, it has been nothing but a mess, and so it is with your study. Leyangtsi was greatly moved by his wife. He left home resolutely and went on with his study. He didnt return home to see his beloved wife until gaining great achievements. For centuries, the story has often been used as a model to inspire those who would back out in competitions. Ask a Fox for Its Skin Long ago, there lived a young man, called Lisheng, who had just married a beauty. The bride was very willful. One day, she had an idea that a coat of fox fur would look pretty on her. So she asked her husband to get her one. But the coat was rare and too expensive. The helpless husband was forced to walk around on the hillside. Just at the moment, a fox was walking by. He lost no time to catch it by the tail. Well, dear fox, lets make an agreement. Could you offer me a sheet of your skin? That isnt a big deal, is it? The fox was shocked at the request, but she replied calmly, Well, my dear, thats easy. But let my tail go so that I can pull off the skin for you. So the delighted man let her free and waited for the skin. But the moment the fox got free, she ran away as quickly as she could into the forest. The story can be used to illustrate that it is hard to ask someone to act against his own will, even in a seemingly negligible manner. Bian Hehs Jade In the Spring and Autumn Period, Bian Heh in the Chu state got a rough jade on Mount Chu. He decided to present the valuable jade to the emperor to show his official loyalty to his sovereign, Chuli. Unluckily, the jade was judged as a common stone by the court jaders- those who worked with and estimated the value of jade in ancient China- which made Emperor Chuli very angry and had Bian Hehs left foot cut down cruelly. After the enthronement of the new emperor Chuwu, Bian Heh decided to submit the jade to Chuwu to clarify matters. Emperor Chuwu also had it checked by the jaders in the court. And the conclusion resulted in the same fact that Bian Heh lost the other foot. After the death of Emperor Chuwu, the prince Chuwen was enthroned, that gave the poor Bian Heh a gleam of light of proving his clear conscience. However, the moment he thought of what he had incurred, he couldnt help crying beside a hill. He could not stop crying for several days and nights; he almost wept his heart out and even blood was dropping from his eyes. And it happened to be heard by the emperor in the court. He ordered his men to find out why he was so sad. Bian Heh sobbed out Call a spade a spade. Why was a real jade mistaken as a plain stone again and again? Why was a loyal man thought faithless time and time? Emperor Chuwen was touched by Bian Hehs deep grief and ordered the jaders to open the jade to have a close look. To their astonishment, in the rough coat, the pure content was sparkling and translucent. Then it was carefully cut and polished fine and at last, the jade became a rare treasure of the state of Chu. In memory of the faithful man Bian Heh, the Emperor nam ed the jade by Bian Heh. And so the term Bians Jade came into being. Even today, people describe something extremely precious in its value with Bians Jade. Cheap Tricks Never Last: The Donkey of Guizhou Thousands of years ago, donkeys were not found in Guizhou province. But meddlers were always allured by anything. So they shipped one into this area. One day, a tiger was walking around to find something to eat, when he saw the strange animal. The huge newcomer frightened him quite a bit. He hid between the bushes to study the donkey watchfully. It seemed all right. So the tiger came near to the donkey to have a close look. Hawhee!- a loud noise burst upon, which sent the tiger running away as fast as he could. He could not have any time to think before he settled himself home. The humiliation stung in him. He must come back to that strange thing to see it through, even though he was still haunted by the terrible noise. The donkey was enraged when the tiger got too close. So the donkey brought his unique skill to bear on the offender- to kick with his hooves. After several bouts, it became very clear that the donkeys power was too much. The tiger jumped upon the donkey in time and cut its throat. People are usually told the story to illustrate the limitations of tricks and trickery. A Painted Snake Makes a Man Sick In the Jin Dynasty, there lived a man named Le Guang, who had a bold and uninhibited character and was very friendly. One day Le Guang sent for one of his close friends since the friend had not turned out for long. At the first sight of his friend, Le Guang realized that something must have happened to his friend for his friend has no peace of mind all the time. So he asked his friend what was the matter. It was all because of that banquet held at your home. At the banquet, you proposed a toast to me and just when we raised the glasses, I noticed that there was a little snake lying in the wine and I felt particularly sick. Since then, I lay in bed unable to do anything. Le Guang was very puzzled at the matter. He looked around and then saw a bow with a painted snake hung on the wall of his room. So Le Guang laid the table at the original place and asked his friend again to have a drink. When the glass was filled with wine, he pointed to the shade of the bow in the glass and asked his friend to see. His friend observed nervously, Well, well, that is what I saw last time. It is the same snake. Le Guang laughed and took off the bow on the wall. Could you see the snake anymore? he asked. His friend was surprised to find that the snake was no longer in the wine. Since the whole truth had come out, his friend recovered from his prolonged illness right away. For thousands of years, the story has been told to advise people not to be too suspicious unnecessarily. KuaFu Chased the Sun It is said that in antiquity a god named KuaFu determined to have a race with the Sun and catch up with Him. So he rushed in the direction of the Sun. Finally, he almost ran neck and neck with the Sun, when he was too thirsty and hot to continue. Where could he find some water? Just then the Yellow River and Wei River came into sight, roaring on. He swooped upon them earnestly and drank the whole river. But he still felt thirsty and hot, thereupon, he marched northward for the lakes in the north of China. Unfortunately, he fell down and died halfway because of thirst. With his fall, his cane dropped. Then the cane became a stretch of peach, green and lush. From this fable came the idiom, KuaFu chased the Sun, which becomes the trope of mans determination and volition against nature.   Fish for the Moon in the Well One evening, a clever man, Huojia went to fetch some water from the well. To his surprise, when he looked into the well, he found the moon sunk in the well shining. Oh, good Heavens, what a pity! The beautiful moon has dropped into the well! So he dashed home for a hook, and tied it with the rope for his bucket, then put it into the well to fish for the moon. After some time of hunting for the moon, Haojia was pleased to find that something was caught by the  hook.  He must have thought it was the moon. He pulled hard  on  the rope. Due to the excessive pulling, the rope broke into apart and Haojia fell flat on his back. Taking advantage of that post, Haojia saw the moon again high in the sky. He sighed with emotion, Aha, it finally came back to its place! What a good job! He felt very happy and told whomever he met with about the wonderment proudly without knowing what he did was something impractical.

Free Essays on Jet Blue Vs. The Rest

Jet BlueVs. The Rest Tim Beran BA 311 Marketing If you’re looking for a shaky industry these days, and throughout history for that matter, you really need look no further than the airlines. Since September 11th, we have seen two of the Major Airlines in this country file for bankruptcy, and a third came extremely close. Respectively these would be United, USAIR, and American. The remainder of the major airlines are struggling as well. In the midst of this there are two airlines that seem to be making gains off of others losses. These would be Southwest, and Jet Blue. Since Southwest is off limits, the focus of this paper will be on Jet Blue. How is it that this young airline can do so well while the veterans of the industry are struggling to survive? There are many reasons, but let’s focus on Marketing. Let’s begin with the four P’s of the Marketing Mix. Product, price, place, and promotion. What do airlines do? The basic function from the beginning has been to get people from point A to point B. Of course all of the airlines do this, but it is how they do it that sets Jet Blue apart from the rest. It has become the â€Å"norm† lately that most of the time that you get on a flight you can count on being cramped in a small seat with little room to move, poor and/or unfriendly service, and a bag of pretzels for nourishment. This unfortunately is the â€Å"product† that most airlines are offering to their customers. To me, I’ve always felt that this would be one of the easier things to deal with, and that is exactly what Jet Blue has tried to do from the start. The airline operates a brand new fleet of Airbus A320’s. Here is their fleet information from jetblue.com: 57 Airbus A320 aircraft , all powered by International Aero Engines (IAE) V2500 engines Jetblue has orders with Airbus for a fleet of as many as 202 A320 aircraft and has placed an order with Embraer for a fleet of up to 200 EM... Free Essays on Jet Blue Vs. The Rest Free Essays on Jet Blue Vs. The Rest Jet BlueVs. The Rest Tim Beran BA 311 Marketing If you’re looking for a shaky industry these days, and throughout history for that matter, you really need look no further than the airlines. Since September 11th, we have seen two of the Major Airlines in this country file for bankruptcy, and a third came extremely close. Respectively these would be United, USAIR, and American. The remainder of the major airlines are struggling as well. In the midst of this there are two airlines that seem to be making gains off of others losses. These would be Southwest, and Jet Blue. Since Southwest is off limits, the focus of this paper will be on Jet Blue. How is it that this young airline can do so well while the veterans of the industry are struggling to survive? There are many reasons, but let’s focus on Marketing. Let’s begin with the four P’s of the Marketing Mix. Product, price, place, and promotion. What do airlines do? The basic function from the beginning has been to get people from point A to point B. Of course all of the airlines do this, but it is how they do it that sets Jet Blue apart from the rest. It has become the â€Å"norm† lately that most of the time that you get on a flight you can count on being cramped in a small seat with little room to move, poor and/or unfriendly service, and a bag of pretzels for nourishment. This unfortunately is the â€Å"product† that most airlines are offering to their customers. To me, I’ve always felt that this would be one of the easier things to deal with, and that is exactly what Jet Blue has tried to do from the start. The airline operates a brand new fleet of Airbus A320’s. Here is their fleet information from jetblue.com: 57 Airbus A320 aircraft , all powered by International Aero Engines (IAE) V2500 engines Jetblue has orders with Airbus for a fleet of as many as 202 A320 aircraft and has placed an order with Embraer for a fleet of up to 200 EM...

Authors Tone Worksheet 1

Author's Tone Worksheet 1 On most major reading comprehension tests, youll see a question or two related to figuring out the authors tone along with other reading comprehension skills such as finding the main idea, understanding vocabulary in context, determining the authors purpose and making inferences. But before you jump into this authors tone worksheet, first, read about what authors tone really is and three of the tricks you can use to determine the authors tone when you dont have a clue. Feel free to use these free printable pdf files for your own educational use, too: Authors Tone Worksheet 1  |  Authors Tone Worksheet 1 Answer Key PASSAGE 1: An excerpt from H.G. Wells The Invisible Man THE STRANGER  came early in February one wintry day, through a biting wind and a driving snow, the last snowfall of the year, over the down, walking as it seemed from Bramblehurst railway station and carrying a little black portmanteau in his thickly gloved hand. He was wrapped up from head to foot, and the brim of his soft felt hat hid every inch of his face but the shiny tip of his nose; the snow had piled itself against his shoulders and chest, and added a white crest to the burden he carried. He staggered into the Coach and Horses, more dead than alive as it seemed, and flung his portmanteau down. â€Å"A fire,† he cried, â€Å"in the name of human charity! A room and a fire!† He stamped and shook the snow from off himself in the bar, and followed Mrs. Hall into her guest parlour to strike his bargain. And with that much introduction, that and a ready consent to terms and a couple of coins flung upon the table, he took up his quarters in the inn. 1. What does the author most likely want to convey through the use of the phrase â€Å"ready consent to terms and a couple of coins flung upon the table?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. The strangers lack of manners and thoughtfulness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. The strangers desire quickly get to his room.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. The strangers greediness in bartering.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. The strangers discomfort. PASSAGE 2: An excerpt from Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice IT is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      ‘My dear Mr. Bennet,’ said his lady to him one day, ‘have you heard that Netherfield Park is leased at last?’  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      ‘But it is,’ returned she; ‘for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she told me all about it.’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      Mr. Bennet made no answer.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      ‘Do not you want to know who has taken it?’ cried his wife, impatiently.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      ‘You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it.’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      This was invitation enough.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚      ‘Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says that Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came down on Monday in a chaise and four to see the place, and was so much delighted with it that he agreed with Mr. Morris immediately; that he is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some of his servants are to be in the house by the end of next week.’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘What is his name?’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘Bingley.’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœIs he married or single?’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘Oh, single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘How so? How can it affect them?’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘My dear Mr. Bennet,’ replied his wife, ‘how can you be so tiresome? You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them.’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘Is that his design in settling here?’  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚         ‘Design? Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes.’ 2. The authors attitude toward mothers trying to arrange marriages for their daughters could best be described as: A. accepting of the notion B. irritated with the notion C. astonished by the notion D. amused by the notion 3. What tone is the author most likely trying to convey with the sentence, It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. satiric   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. scornful   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. reproachful   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. weary PASSAGE 3: An excerpt from Edgar Allen Poes The Fall of the House of Usher DURING  the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country, and at length found myself, as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. I know not how it was- but, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit. I say insufferable; for the feeling was unrelieved by any of that half-pleasurable, because poetic, sentiment, with which the mind usually receives even the sternest natural images of the desolate or terrible. I looked upon the scene before me- upon the mere house, and the simple landscape features of the domain- upon the bleak walls- upon the vacant eye-like windows- upon a few rank sedges- and upon a few white trunks of decayed trees- with an utter depression of soul which I can compare to no earthly sensation more properly than to the after- dream of the reveller upon opium- the bitter lapse into every-day life- the hideous dropping of the veil. There was an iciness, a sinking, a sickening of the heart- an unredeemed dreariness of thought which no goading of the imagination could torture into aught of the sublime. What was it- I paused to think- what was it that so unnerved me in the contemplation of the House of Usher? 4. Which of the following choices provides the best answer to the authors final question posed in the text, while maintaining the tone of the article? A. It could be that Id fallen into a nightmare without knowing it.   B. It had to be the dreariness of the day. Nothing about the house itself was particularly depressing. C. The solution defied me. I couldnt get at the heart of my displeasure. D. It was a mystery I couldnt solve; nor could I grapple with the shadowy fancies that crowded upon me as I pondered.   5. Which emotion is the author most likely trying to rouse from his reader after reading this text?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A. hatred   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   B. terror   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   C. apprehension   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   D. depression

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The irish literary revival 1880-1930 - Essay Example Consequently their polical views influnce their imagery, styles and ideals to a greater extent. The affinity for the land and the surge of emotion for one’s birthplace are so intertwined with the intellect of the artists involved with the I rish Literary Revival, that these emotions and feelings exert-consciously or subconsciously-great impact in shaping the ins and outs, that is, style, imagery, ideals of their literary works. There come all of the literary tools along the string of this affinity. But in the context of the Irish Literary Revival merging the political sentiment of the writers into their works bloomed to the extent to be considered as the art of political expression. All of the literary artists including W. B. Yeats, Mary Fitzerald, Douglas Hyde etc at the forepart of the Irish Literary Revival are concerned with this political expression in their works. They delve deep into the origin of art, culture, history and their concern with the political ups and downs of Ireland. Both of the writers, Yeats and Moore look back into the pages of Irish history to find out their elements of their works with a view to reviving the past. The literary elements used in their works show and at the same time reveals the souls tormented by the political fractions existing in the country. Either they relate to the events from Irish folk tales in which the heroes are down to the earth and close to the vein of the Isrish mass people. For Moore the political expression is not as explicit as it is in Yeats. Crisis of Political identity is less important than the crisis of cultural identity of the Irish. He is moved with the well and woe of the mass of Irish population. He is more concerend with the confirmation of this identity. Consequently most of the story of â€Å"the Untilled Field† take clerical interference in the daily lives of the Irish peasantry as their theme. The story ‘The Wild Goose’ renders a

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The Idea of Relationship Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Program for Bullying Awareness

Program for Bullying Awareness Dominique Bibbs Proposal Introduction Young Scholars with Voices (YSWV) is a non-profit organization founded in 2012 to prevent and raise the awareness of bullying amongst adolescent youth. YSWV provides services to victims, survivors and individuals affected incidents of bullying. YSWV is a community based organization offering support and meeting the needs of its addressed target population. YSWV offers one-on-one peer mentoring, prevention/awareness workshops and clubs and will hold poetry showcases in which the members of YSWV share their talents through poetry and spoken word to raise the awareness of bullying. The organization is needed in communities because there is a lack of awareness and knowledge of the incidents of bullying. Young Scholars with Voices will support victims, survivors and individuals of bullying, but also educate the bystanders and those who are unaware of the scope, causal factors of bullying and solutions to prevent and raise the awareness of bullying. Statement of Need The following arguments will document that bullying exist and is a problem and further provide explanation to why the YSWV program is needed. Bullying is becoming more widespread and relevant, effecting society today. There is an increase in the incidents of bullying amongst adolescents living in urban communities. Bullying is defined as an unwanted behavior that involves an imbalance of power (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2001). When bullying is thought of, it is thought to be an aggressive behavior against a weaker individual and according to the many definitions this it true. However, physical bullying is not the only type of bullying that exists. Different types of bullying include: physical and hazing, cyber and verbal and indirect and social alienation (Stop Bullying, Harassment and Violence, 2009). In the article How Our Society has manifested the bullying Epidemic? researcher Amy Weber argues that bullying is a multi-layered epidemic. She argues that bullying is like a disease that cultivates and feeds of off the bloodline of social acceptance, fueled by fear and pain so deep, it is subconscious (Weber, 2012). Furthermore, Weber states that the behavior is learned and it manifests form single or multiple sources where a child is listening and watching; children mirror back what they see, revealing the ugly truth of societys relentless intolerance and cruelty towards each other over the decades (Weber, 2012). In an article done in 2011 by the American College of Pediatricians bullying is typically directed at unique characteristics whether real or perceived by others of an individual such as: ethnicity or race, physical build or features of appearance that are unique and different, social or economic status, physical inabilities and disabilities, mental of scholastic abilities, speech quality or tone, sexual orientation or sexual activity and moral or religious beliefs (American College of Pediatricians, 2011). National statistics show that 28% of U.S. students in grades 6-12 have experienced bullying and 20% of U.S. students in grade 9-12 have experienced bullying. Furthermore, approximately 30% of young people admit to bullying others, 70.6% of young people have witnessed bullying in their schools and 70.4% of school staff has witnessed bullying. The following percentages show the various types of bullying experienced amongst U.S. middle school students: name calling (44.2%); teasing (43.3%); spreading rumors/lies (36.3%); pushing/shoving (32,4%); hitting, slapping or kicking (29.2%) and only about 20 to 30% of U.S. students who are bullied notify adults about bullying (U.S. Department of Health Human Services, 2012). Working directly with the target population bullying is witnessed and the causal factors vary for each individual. Some the causal factors include physical appearance, the target population bullies one another based on what is seen on the outside. Thing such as clothing, skin tone, weight, height, and even speech difficulties are reported causes for bullying by the target population. Additionally school is another cause, such as the lack of athletic ability, popularity and scholastic ability. Based on the target population survey How does bullying affect you? conducted for Lincoln University of PAs Masters of Human Services Program showed that 30% of the respondents surveyed believed that appearing to be different from others was the cause for bullying, only 20% of the respondents believe that bullying was caused by scholastic achievement and 50% of the respondents believed that bullying was caused by the victims appearing to be weaker. Furthermore, 60% f the respondents surveyed sai d they would participate in the act of bullying if it protected them from becoming a victim of bullying and only 40% of the respondents reported they would not participate in the act of bullying even if it did protect them from becoming a victim of bullying. Additionally previous pre/post test and participant satisfaction survey results have shown that YSWV is an effective program and has helped to raise the awareness of bullying and also offer solutions for bully prevention. Pre/post test scores have shown a 95% increase in participant knowledge of the topic being addressed. Furthermore, the participant satisfaction survey showed that the members of YSWV were not only satisfied with the services received but also expressed hopes of the program continuing. Project Goals and Objectives The following statements will explain the goals and objectives of YSWV that are expected to be accomplished and also discuss the S.M.A.R.T. objectives that have been formulated for YSWV. The ultimate goal of YSWV is to prevent and raise the awareness of bullying. YSWV is a system with several sub system components, the sub systems will work as objectives to meet the ultimate goal of preventing and raising the awareness of bullying. Furthermore, each sub system has its own goal and objectives. YSWV offers a one-on-one bully mentoring program and the goal of this component is to foster a confiding friendship, self-acceptance, understanding and confidence. Victims of bullying isolate themselves from socialization and do not have trusting individuals who they can come to about their experiences of bullying. Additionally, bullying causes victims to lack confidence and acceptance of themselves. The objective to meet the goal of the peer mentoring component is for all members to be matched with a trusting individual who will build self-acceptance, understanding and confidence through mentoring. Another sub system of YSWV is the workshops. The workshops will be for educational purposes only and the goal of every workshop is to raise the awareness of bullying by increasing the participants knowledge about the incidents of bullying. The objective to meet the goal of the workshop component is to construct fun learning by bring clear, concise and retainable information to the partici pants. YSWV also offers a speaking out club, which is a spoken word/poetry club. The goal of the poetry club is for the members to share their voice on the issue of bullying in spoken word or poetry form. The objective to meet the goal of the speaking out club is for members to use the knowledge gained from the workshops, their personal thoughts, feelings and experiences and write poems that will help to prevent and raise the awareness of bullying. The last component of YSWV is the poetry showcases. The goal of the poetry showcases is to bring the community together, prevent and raise the awareness of bullying. The objective to meet the goal of the poetry showcases is for the members to advocate positivity, members will use their poetry pieces as a tool for preventing and raising the awareness of bullying and the showcase will be used as a tool to bring the community together. The S.M.A.R.T. objective developed for YYWV states, In time for the annual quarter ceremony all members of YSWV will increase their knowledge about bullying by 90% from the utilization of peer mentoring, educational workshops and poetry clubs by showcasing their talents in a poetry showcase to prevent and raise the awareness of bullying. Project Logic Model The following session will explain the theory behind the logical model and the rational for the use of the model. The logical model is a planning tool used to clarify and graphically display what your project intends to do and what it hopes to accomplish and impact. A logical model summarizes key program elements, explains the rational behind the program activities, clarifies intended outcomes and provides a communication tool (National Network of Libraries of Medicine, 2012). The purpose of using a logical model for YSWV is to illustrate the sequence of events that identity the programs resources, match resources to needs, activate the service process, complete the service process and measure the program results which is displayed in the model below. This model allows the planner to see the rational flow of addressing the problem and applying process, while maintaining a focus on the purpose of the entire effort: preventing and raising the awareness of bullying. Project Description Project Resources and Budget The following section will discuss and explain the budget summary for YSWV, including all expenses and possible in-kind contributions. Budget Summary Item Agency Funds Student Funds Other Total Project Personnel (salaries, wages fringe benefits) $3,200.00 $1,700.00 $4,900.00 Consultants Contracted Services $1,000.00 $1,000.00 Supplies $1,500.00 $1,500.00 Equipment $300.00 $300.00 Space $1,000.00 $1,000.00 Travel $12.50 $12.50 Printing Photocopying $30.00 $30.00 Other $400.00 $400.00 Total Project Cost $9,192.50 Budget Detail Item Total Personnel: 4 Group Facilitators (30 hours @ $20.00 per hour) 4 Consultants (4 days @ $250.00 per day) 4 Lecturers (4 hours @ $50.00 per hour) 10 peer volunteers (10 $50.00 gift cards) 1 DJ (1.5 hours @ $200.00) Subtotal: $2,400.00 $1,000.00 $800.00 $500.00 $200.00 $4,900.00 Supplies, Technology Equipment: Office, writing art supplies 4 Laptops, all-in-one printer 1 LCD projector Microphone system Subtotal: $300.00 $1,200.00 $200.00 $100.00 $1,800.00 Space: 10 sessions (2 hours @ $50.00 per hour) Subtotal : $1,000.00 $1,000.00 Travel: 25 miles @ $.50 per mile Subtotal: $12. 50 $12.50 Printing Copying: 1000 copies @ $.03 per copy Subtotal: $30.00 $30.00 Other: Poetry showcase decorations/refreshments Refreshments (10 sessions @ $25.00 per session) Subtotal: $150.00 $250.00 $400.00 Total Project Cost: $9,192.50 Budget Narrative Personnel: The personnel costs include the cost of four group facilitators (three hours, once a week for ten weeks) who are employees of the agency and four additional consultants (four days an hour per consultant). Additionally, the program will require ten peer volunteers (three hours, once a week for ten weeks) and a DJ (1.5 hours) for the YSWV annual poetry showcase. The personnel cost will be absorbed by the agency as the project will happen on agency time and the consultants will donate their services in-kind. Supplies, Technology Equipment: Office supplies will include copy paper for the photo copying of flyers for promotion of the poetry showcase. Each participant will receive writing supplies; this will include one, one-subject note book, four pens and four mechanical pencils. The art supplies will include crayons, markers, color pencils and construction paper that will be used by the members to design and create additional flyers for promotion of the poetry showcase. The office, writing and art supplies estimated cost will be in-kind donations from local businesses. The programs workshops will require one LCD project four laptops will be required for each group to allow the members of YSWV to complete research for the project during meeting times and an all-in-one printer. The technology equipment will be barrowed in-kind donations from the agency as the project will happen on agency time. Space: The program will require the use the facilities classrooms (four) for the group sessions and auditorium for the poetry showcase. The cost is base agencys normal rental rate. Travel: The consultants will use their own personal vehicle to travel to the program for the workshops. The estimated cost is based on the mileage reimbursement rate used by the agency; the consultants will be given a maximum of 15 miles at $0.50 per mile. Printing Copying: The printing and photocopying estimated cost will be donated in-kind by local businesses. Other: Decoration and refreshments for the poetry will be in-kind donations from local businesses. Refreshments for each session will be provided by the agency, the estimated cost is $25.00 per session. Total: The total expenses associated with implementing this project is $9,192.50. Program Time Frame and Gantt Chart The following section will explain the project activities and the timing of the activities being implemented for YSWV. The charts being used in this section will be a Work Plan and Ganntt Chart. Work Plan for YSWV Steps To Be Taken Who Is Responsible Start Date Completion Date Required Resources Constraints, Anticipated Obstacles Proposed Counter-Measures For Anticipated Obstacles Choose the focus of the project D. Bibbs 08/29/13 9/02/13 Project Proposal Plan First project option not being accepted Revise Project Proposal Plan Recruit coalition members D. Bibbs 09/02/13 09/04/13 Project Plan, Needs Assessment Report, Agency Employees Conflicting schedules Reschedule and secure a fit meeting time for all coalition members Design the project D. Bibbs, Coalition Members 09/09/13 09/13/13 Coalition Members Experience and Expertise Conflicting scheduling Reschedule and secure a meeting time for all coalition members, gathering outside information Secure the approval of project from a facility D. Bibbs, Coalition Members 09/16/13 10/16/13 Project Plan, Needs Assessment Report Non-inclusive Project Plan, Needs Assessment Report Revise Project Plan, Re-conduct Key Informant Surveys/Interviews Launch the project D. Bibbs, Coalition Members 09/18/13 09/18/13 Dixon House Agency size Adjust the size of project participants Develop an evaluation tool for the project D. Bibbs 11/04/11 11/06/13 Personal computer, Needs Assessment Report A lack of data to facilitate a solution Key Informant Surveys/Interviews, Literature Review Evaluate the project/ Complete Evaluation Report D. Bibbs 11/06/13 11/11/13 Project Report The sampling frame may not produce proper information to evaluate the project Use a different sampling frame Submit evaluation report to project manager D. Bibbs 11/13/13 11/13/13 Dixon House Project mat be declined Re-evaluate program and resubmit Stabilize or terminate project D. Bibbs 11/20/13 11/20/13 Dixon House Ganntt Chart for YSWV Activities Dates 09/01/13 09/20/13 10/01/13 10/20/13 11/01/13 11/20/13 Develop a coalition team Sep. 2th, 2013 Sep. 4th, 2013 Present and design project Sep. 9th, 2013 Sep. 13th, 2013 Present findings to an agency Sep. 16th, 2013 Program Implementation Sep. 18th, 2013 Sep.25th, 2013 Oct. 2nd, 2013 Oct. 9th, 2013 Oct. 16, 2013 Oct. 23rd, 2013 Oct. 30th, 2013 Nov. 6th, 2013 Nov. 13th, 2013 Formulate and submit written evaluation report Nov.6th, 2013 Nov. 13th, 2013 Project Monitoring and Evaluation Plans and Measures The following section will explain the methods that will be used in the evaluation of the proposed program YSWV and the difference and purpose of qualitative data and quantitative data. There are several types of evaluation designs. These designs include experimental, quasi-experimental and non-experimental. The non-experimental design will be used in the evaluation of the bully prevention and awareness program, YSWV (Young Scholars With Voices).Non-experimental designs do not involve random assignment of subjects to groups, nor is there a control or comparison group. Non-experimental designs do not have comparison groups. They are used to assess the programs impact. Non-experimental designs can be used for process evaluations when the primary purpose is to describe participants experiences (Kantor and Kendall-Tackett, 2000). The types of non-experimental designs used in the evaluation of YSWV were pre/post tests and participant satisfaction surveys. The pre/post test will measure the knowledge of the participants. The pre test measures the knowledge before the participation in YSWV. The post test measures the knowledge gained after participating in YSWV. In the end the results of each test is compared to see if the participates knowledge increased and the program was effective. The participant satisfaction surveys will measure the levels of satisfactory delivered to the members of YSWV.The pre/post test is a summative evaluation method. The focus of summative evaluation is the outcome. Outcome evaluation relates to the effect of intervention and whether the project achieved its goals. Outcome evaluations assess the effectiveness of a program in producing change. Outcome evaluations focus on difficult questions that ask what happened to program participants and how much of a difference the program made for them (Linnell, 2012). The participant satisfaction survey is a formative evaluation method. Formative evaluation is a method for judging the worth of a program while the program activities are forming and summative evaluation is a method of judging the worth of a program at the end of the program activities (Clark, 2010). Formative evaluation focuses on process. Process evaluation measure relates to methods or activities and explains how and why the results were achieved. Process evaluations document the process of a programs implementation. The focus of a process evaluation is on the types and quantities of services delivered, the beneficiaries of those services, the resources used to deliver the services, the practical problems encountered, and the ways such problems were resolved (Linnell, 2012). Qualitative data gathers information that is not in numerical form. For example, diary accounts, open-ended questionnaires, unstructured interviews and unstructured observations (Mcleod, 2008). Qualitative data is useful for studies at the individual level and to find out in depth the way people think or feel. Analysis of qualitative data is difficult and requires accurate description of participant responses for example, sorting responses to open questions and interviews into broad themes. Qualitative data is typically descriptive data is harder to analyze than quantitative data. Quantitative data gathers information in numerical form which can be put into categories, or in rank order, or measured in units of measurement. This type of data can be used to construct graphs and tables of raw data (Mcleod, 2008). For example, a rating scale or closed questions on a questionnaire would generate quantitative data as these produce either numerical data or data that can be put into categori es. Conclusion Reference(s)   Ã‚   U.S department of health and human services (2001). What is bullying. Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/what-is-bullying/index.html Stop bullying, harassment, and violence (2009). Female bullying. Retrieved from www.bullyingstatistics.org/content/female-bullying.html Weber, A. (2012, may 27). How our society has manifested the bullying epidemic . Retrieved from http://www.huffinftonpost.com/amy-weber/how-our-society-has-mani_b_1548368.html American college of pediatricians. Bullying at school: never acceptable (2011). Retrieved from: http://www.factsaboutyouth.com/post/bullyingat-school-never-acceptable U.S department of health and human services (2012). Facts about bullying. Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/news/media/facts#ftn16 Kantor, K.G. and Kendall-Tackett, K. (2000). A guide family intervention and prevention program evaluation. Retrieved from: http://www1.cyfernet.org/eval/family/default.html Linnell, D. (2012). Demystifying evaluation: process evaluation vs. outcome evaluation. Retrieved from: http://www.tsne.org/site/c.ghLUK3PCLoF/b.8023393/k.47B3/Articles__Demystifying_Evaluation_Process_Evaluation_vs_Outcome_Evaluation_for_Nonprofits.htm Clark, D. (2010). Formative and summative evaluations in the instructional design process. Retrieved from: http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/isd/types_of_evaluations.html Mcleod, S. (2008). Qualitative Quantitative. Retrieved from: http://www.simplypsychology.org/qualitative-quantitative.html Appendices Evaluation Data Collection Instruments: Method I Pre/Post Test The following test will be used as a data collection instrument to evaluate the knowledge gained from the bully prevention and awareness program YSWV (Young Scholars With Voices). The test will be given in a two part series. The Pre-Test is series one and will test the participants knowledge on bully prevention and awareness. The Pre-Test will be given during the first two weeks of programming. The Post-Test is series two and will test the participants knowledge gained from YSWV. Both tests will consist of the same questions and there is no right or wrong answer. The information collected from the test will be used as a form of research to construct a final project and presentation for Lincoln Universitys Master of Human Service academic program. The test is anonymous and will not effect or penalize any youth participating in YSWV, so I ask that you answer each question honestly to the best of your ability. Thank you for you participation in YSWV and also for you time. Dominique Bibbs Please circle one of the following options: Pre-Test - Post-Test In your own words, please define bullying? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In your own words, what do you think causes bullying? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In your own words, what do you think will prevent bullying? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How can being a member of YSWV raise the awareness of bullying? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If you witness bullying who should you report it to? Please choose all that apply School faculty and Staff (teachers, principle, school police, ect.) Parent/guardian Friend(s) All of the above None of the above If nothing is being done about the incidents of bullying you are witnessing, should you keep reporting the incidents?

The Shakespeare Room :: Essays Papers

The Shakespeare Room The Life of Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to John Shakespeare and his wife, Mary Arden. His father was weathly and held a number of municipal offices. Shakespeare received a good education, but he did not go to the university as many other writers of his time did. Some of these writers ridiculed him and his work because of this. One such example of this ridicule is a pamplet that was published in 1592 by Robert Greene, a famous playwright. In this pamphlet, Greene criticized Shakespeare and his work, a criticism that seems to come mostly from jealosy. When he was eighteen years old, Shakespeare married Ann Hathaway. Five months later, they had their first child, Suzanna. Two years later, they had twins, Hamnet and Judith. It is unknown when Shakespeare arrived in London. However, the pamphet published by Robert Greene indicates that he was in London by 1592. The following year, the theaters were closed down due to a plague. By 1594, the theaters were reopened, and they soon began to rise in popularity among the noble class who demanded a better quality theater experience. It was at this time that Shakespeare's theater company was formed. The company played at Henslowe's Rose Theatre until their lease ran out. They then moved across the river and built the new Globe Theater. Later on, in 1608, they moved into the Blackfriars Theatre where they began producing plays indoors. These plays were in an artificially lit environment, while the Globe Theater had been outdoors, and stage conditions allowed more scenery and a multitude of lighting effects. In 1596, John Shakespeare was granted a coat of arms. This entitled both he and William to be called by the title of "gentleman." In 1597, Shakespeare bought an estate at Stratford called New Place. He continued to acquire property in Stratford. He wrote his last play, The Tempest in 1611 and he died in 1616. Shakespeare's Plays Thirty-seven plays are usually attributed to Shakespeare and they are generally broken down into four categories: the histories, the comedies, the romances, and the tragedies. The Histories There are ten history plays in all and they tell the story of England from the fourteenth century through Henry VIII. They are: Henry VI, Parts I, II and III Henry IV, Parts I, and II Richard III King John Richard II Henry V Henry VIII

Applied Ethics Essay

A False promise means â€Å"a promise that is made with no intention of carrying it out and esp. that is made with intent to deceive or defraud†. Nowadays, making false promises has become ubiquitous in our daily life. Is it a right action or not? Based on Kantian ethic and Utilitarianism, there are different views in making a false promise. Utilitarians’ view in making a false promise For Utilitarianism, it looks at the consequence of an action for all those people affected by the action. If the overall balance of happiness over unhappiness is its consequence, the action is right; unhappiness over happiness, it is wrong.(Chan Chun Fai’ s notes, Moral Theories, p.2) Also, the principle of utility applied to it is generally expressed as â€Å"Always act to produce greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. â€Å" (Chan Chun Fai’s Power Point) For example, Betty has made a false promise to Peter. She borrowed some money from Tom as to travel to Taiwan with her friends and promised him that she would return money to him after one week. So, Tom was glad to lean her money. Betty made a false promise to have enough money travelling with their friends and her friends were so thrilled about that although Tom would feel depressed about it. However, this action produces greatest happiness for the greatest number of people that Betty and her friends felt happy while only Tom felt unhappy. Therefore, it is considered as a right thing to do. But for rule-utilitarianism (RU), it is treated as a wrong action because RU looks at the consequence of a rule and the principle of utility is applied to a rule. Also, if everyone following the rule could produce good consequence, then we should abide by that rule—a right rule. (Chan Chun Fai’s Power Point) In this situation, if everyone made false promises, people would stop believing promises and each other. As this action result in bad consequence, it is not a right action in the concept of rule- utilitarianism. Kantians’ view in making a false promise Kant’s deontology is not about consequence and happiness. It is about to act with a good will (which is an absolute good) is to act out of duty; to act out of duty is to act with moral law. (Chan Chun Fai’s notes, Moral Theories—Kant’s deontology P.1) If we do things just for our desires or feelings, it is not considered as a truly moral action. For example, Peter does some social services only because it benefits him to get into university. In this case, as his social services are based on his desires, they are not done out of duty. So, these actions are not treated as moral actions. Of course, in Betty’s case, she made a false promise to Tom and she acted without a good will. Also, she made a false promise to get what she wants has indicated that she did this only for her desires. Therefore, making a false promise is not a moral action in Kantians’ view. Besides, there is a principle of morality in Kant’s deontology called â€Å"Categorical Imperative†. It is the cardinal principle of morality. â€Å"A categorical imperative is unconditional and independent of any circumstances, goals, or desires.† (Chan Chun Fai’s notes, Moral Theories—Kant’s deontology, P.2) Kant expressed this idea in two formulations called â€Å"universal law† and â€Å"the end in itself†. Base on this two formulas, we can judge an action whether it is right. Refer to the formula of universal law, we need to act only on that maxim whereby we can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. In general, if it is right for you to do something, then it is right for anyone in similar situation to do the same thing and you are required to be consistent—do not make exceptions for anyone, including yourself. Obviously, making a false promise cannot be a universal law as it is impossible for everyone to do the same or for you to will that everyone acts as you do. In fact, most of people must be unwilling to be made a false promise. As making false promises has exception that no one is willing for everyone to follow this rule, it cannot be a universal law. Due to this, it is not a right action. According to â€Å"the end in itself†, it is stated â€Å"Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end.† (Chan Chun Fai’s notes, Moral Theories, P.4) That means, we need to treat all rational humans as ends, never merely as a means to an end. Additionally, Kant stated that â€Å"Every man is to be respected as an absolute end in itself; and it is a crime against the dignity that belongs to him as a human being to use him as a mere means for some external purpose.†Hence, it is morally wrong for Betty to make a false promise to him that uses Tom merely as a means to achieve her ends because Tom also has ends of his own. Therefore, making false promises is a wrong action in Kantian’s view as performing this action doesn’t not respect others and use others merely as a means. My point of view over Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics In my opinion, Kantian ethics is better than Utilitarianism as doing things with Kant’s Deontology can enhance harmony in our community. Say, if we do social services out of duty, not of desires or feelings, such kind of behaviors can last longer. If we do social work base on the concept of utilitarianism in order to get some benefits or to satisfy ourselves, we will stop doing social services sooner or later once we have been satisfied. In addition, Kant’s deontology advocates respect of others while utilitarianism is more aggressive and selfish. If everyone does things with the concept of utilitarianism, it can be harmful to our society as all of us only think about ourselves instead of being considerate to others. Conclusion In an aspect of utilitarianism, if making a false promise can produce greatest happiness for the greatest number of people, it is a right action while it is a wrong thing to do in rule-utilitarianism as it result in bad consequence. Moreover, making false promises is with a bad will and for people’s desires that it is not a right thing to do in Kantians’ view as it uses others merely as a means and it will not be a universal law. Personally, I think Kantian’s ethics is more ideal than utilitarianism because of social harmony.